Control No Suprises Act Risk, Before It Controls Your Plan
Expert-led NSA eligibility review, open negotiation strategy, and IDR defense that protects plan assets, reduces arbitration exposure, and strengthens fiduciary oversight.

Before & After: How Employers Lose and Regain Control Under the NSA
The No Surprises Act was designed to protect members, but for employers, it often shifts cost risk into the IDR process. We help plans regain control by identifying ineligible disputes, managing negotiations strategically, and defending IDR cases with consistency and discipline.
IDR Eligibility Failures | Preventable disputes driving unnecessary cost
Problem
NSA disputes treated as unavoidable costs, with little insight into eligibility or strategy.
SOLUTION
Eligibility-first review identifies disputes that never belonged in IDR in the first place.
Inconsistent IDR Defense | Escalating arbitration awards
Problem
Escalating arbitration awards driven by inconsistent submissions and weak positioning.
SOLUTION
Strategic IDR defense built on strong documentation, consistent arguments, and plan-aligned pricing logic.
Dispute Fragmentation Abuse | Multiplying IDR fees
Problem
Providers fragmenting encounters into multiple disputes to multiply fees.
SOLUTION
Unbundling and batching defenses raised early to challenge abusive filing patterns.
Dispute Management Burden | HR & TPA overload
Problem
HR, benefits, and TPAs absorbing deadline pressure and provider escalation.
SOLUTION
End-to-end dispute management offloads notices, timelines, submissions, and provider communication.
Fiduciary Exposure | Limited reporting and documentation gaps
Problem
Fiduciary exposure with limited reporting or audit-ready documentation.
SOLUTION
Transparent reporting and defensible process aligned with ERISA fiduciary obligations.

Results that win over stakeholders at every level
We engaged Koehler-Fitzgerald in 2015 to represent covered employees of health plans we provide administration to that have adopted reference based pricing. They have been very responsive to the needs and questions presented by plan sponsors, plan members, and our staff. Their success rate with balance billing issues presented to them has been in excess of 99% by any standard of measurement.
Knowing that every participant has legal representation from a high quality, experienced law firm provides our client plans and employers confidence that their employees will be properly protected from the many aggressive balance billing practices that a small portion of hospitals and other medical providers attempt to employ. They have been shown to be the most effective solution to the only real impediment to adopting reference based pricing.
Jim Farley
J.P Farley Corporation
We’ve been working with Koehler Fitzgerald for over 3 years and couldn’t be happier. They’ve always been very attentive to not only our questions but also to our client’s members who are dealing with balance billing issues.
Their knowledge and advice has been invaluable to us as a Third Party Administrator developing processes to better serve our clients and their employees in the reference based pricing arena.
Pat Sanders
Insurance Management Services, Inc
In today’s reimbursement landscape, operational strategy must be backed by legal precision. Aequum’s expertise in balance billing disputes and IDR proceedings strengthens the foundation of the pricing solutions we deliver at ClaimsBridge.
Their ability to navigate complex regulatory frameworks while driving practical outcomes makes them a trusted and highly valued partner in the self-insured market.
Kevin Gibson
CEO
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the No Surprises Act and what does it actually protect against?
The No Surprises Act is a federal law that helps protect patients from certain suprise medical bills, mainly for emergency care, some out-of-network services at in-network facilities, and air ambulance claims. It sets rules for how much providers can charge in these situations and how payment disputes between providers and health plans are resolved.
The NSA’s intent was to protect plan participants. Unfortunately, not only is it being abused, hurting the participants, but it also does not eliminate payment disputes or employer cost exposure. Those risks often reappear in the IDR process.
It protects against:
- Out-of-network charges for emergency services
- Balance billing from out-of-network providers at in-network hospitals or facilities
- Excessive air ambulance charges
- Unapproved notice-and-consent attempts by providers
Why it matters:
These protections help ensure members pay only their in-network cost-sharing amounts, not inflated out-of-network bills that violate NSA rules.
If the No Surprises Act exists, why do surprise medical bills still happen?
Surprise medical bills still occur because the NSA doesn’t apply to every situation, and providers don’t always comply with the law.
Common reasons surprise bills still happen include:
- Services not covered under NSA (e.g., non-emergency out-of-network care at out-of-network facilities)
- Post-stabilization care billed out-of-network
- Incorrect or misleading notice-and-consent forms
- Billing errors or misclassified provider status
- Providers attempting unlawful balance billing
- Air ambulance charges exceeding allowable limit (*plan exclusions)
Why it matters:
Even when members are protected, employers may still face arbitration-driven cost increases if disputes are not actively managed.
Plans and members must still verify accuracy, prevent overcharges, and ensure NSA compliance, because unlawful bills still get sent.
How does the No Surprises Act affect our health plan and our employees?
The NSA impacts both employee experience and plan administration.
For employees:
- They may still receive confusing or inaccurate bills that appear to be balance bills
- They often struggle to understand what they legally owe under NSA protections
- Unexpected bills can cause stress and lower satisfaction
For the health plan:
- Incorrect NSA handling can lead to higher claims costs
- Providers may initiate payment disputes or IDR cases
- There’s risk of regulatory issues if the plan mishandles NSA-covered claims
- Administrative burden increases without clear processes
Why it matters:
A strong NSA compliance and defense strategy protects both employees’ financial wellbeing and the plan’s cost control and risk management goals.
What is “No Surprises Act defense” and why would our plan need it?
aequum helps identify, challenge, and resolve bills that may violate the NSA or your plan’s pricing structure.
Our support includes:
- Reviewing the claim for NSA applicability
- Identifying balance billing violations
- Contacting the provider directly to dispute improper charges
- Pursuing cost reductions or complete removal of unlawful amounts
- Assisting with or managing IDR when required
Why it matters:
Members are protected from paying charges they don’t legally owe, and the plan avoids unnecessary or inflated payments.
Does a strategy like reference-based pricing (RBP) offer protection from the No Surprises Act?
Yes. Reference-based pricing (RBP) can work to avoid the NSA, but it requires careful coordination.
How RBP interacts with NSA protections:
- RBP uses benchmarks like Medicare-based pricing, offering predictable and defensible costs
- Eliminates or limits applicability of the IDR Process
- Helps keep costs to plan participants in check
- Greater transparency in the billing process
Why it matters:
Combining RBP with solid NSA compliance improves pricing predictability and strengthens the plan’s cost-control strategy, while avoiding unnecessary provider disputes.
When should we involve aequum?
You should involve aequum as early as possible, ideally when you receive an Open Negotiation Notice.
Contact us when:
- You receive an Open Negotiation Notice or a Notice of Offer deadline is set.
- A member receives a bill for emergency services, out-of-network care at an in-network facility, or an air ambulance
- A provider attempts balance billing on an NSA-eligible claim
Why it matters:
Early review prevents escalation, strengthens defense, and ensures both the member and the plan are fully protected under NSA rules and cost-containment strategies.
Your hub for clear, useful insights
Explore practical guides, expert insights, and tools designed to help you navigate healthcare costs with confidence.
When the No Surprises Act Becomes a Battlefield: What the UnitedHealthcare Lawsuit Signals for Plan Sponsors
Explains NSA disputes in real-world terms, uses a major lawsuit to show risk exposure, and speaks directly to plan sponsors.
No Surprises Act Arbitration Update
Deep insights into IDR (Independent Dispute Resolution), backlog issues, and how the NSA is actually playing out in practice.
A Year in Retrospect: How the No Surprises Act Impacted Medical Billing
Summarizes the first year of the NSA, highlights key patterns, and provides a well-rounded overview for beginners and experts.
Contact Us
Whether you’re facing active NSA disputes or looking to reduce arbitration exposure before it escalates, our team helps you regain control with clarity and confidence.
Submit Contact
Reach out to discuss your plan and options.
Address
1111 Superior Avenue East, Suite 1360
Cleveland, OH 44114
©2026 Aequum LLC • Disclaimer • Privacy Policy